Who published the Bengal Gazette?
From 1780, James Augustus Hicky,
an Irishman began to publish a weekly magazine called Bengal Gazette.
The first newspaper published by
an Indian was the Bengal Gazette brought out by Gangadhar Bhattacharya.
What change did the British
introduce in the art of painting in India?
British introduced a realistic
style of painting in India and also brought with them the technique of Oil
Painting, Landscape Painting and Portrait Painting.
What were the Band Stands?
British created ‘Band Stands’ in
most of the major cities where they lived. Live programmes of musical band took
place every evening.
Who painted the image of Bharat
Mata?
Abanindranath Tagore – the nephew
of Rabindranath Tagore painted the image of Bharat Mata.
List the new forms of
publications.
The new forms of publications
were-
Novels based on human emotions,
relationships and experiences.
Short stories and
Essays about social and political
themes.
What was the special contribution
of Premchand to Hindi literature?
Premchand was a great Hindi
writer and novelist. He highlighted social and economic issues related to the
lifestyles of Indians.
How did photography become an
important source of history?
In the British period, a new and
a very authentic source of information is photography. Photographs of the
colonial period are a visual record of important events of Indian history.
Who was the leader of African
literature of Negritude Movement?
The leader of African literature
of Negritude Movement was Leopold Senghor of Senegal.
How did Bankim Chandra
Chattopadhyay influence our freedom fighters?
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
influenced our freedom fighters by writing
Powerful stories related to Indian
heroes, heritage and culture.
Patriotic theme of his novels
Durgeshnandini (1865) and Anandamath.
‘Vande Mataram’, the theme song
of our freedom struggle was included in the novel Anandamath.
Write a note on the paintings
based on historical themes or history paintings.
The British introduced history
paintings or paintings based on historical themes.
To show their power, their main
objectives was-
To glorify the achievements and
victories.
The victories in the Revolt of
1857.
The defeat of Tipu Sultan of
Mysore
Who introduced printing
technology in India? Name the first newspaper published by an Indian?
The Portuguese were the first to
introduce printing press in India. In Goa-1557.
The East India Company of England
established their printing press at Bombay in 1684.
The first newspaper published by
Gangadhar Bhattacharya-an Indian, was the ‘Bengal Gazette’.
What change was brought by the
introduction of printing in India?
With the growth of education and
political consciousness in India, there was an immense increase in the number
of newspapers.
The invention of printing press
had helped in mobilizing and brought awareness on major issues of national
interest.
Who was Raja Ravi Verma? Write
about his painting style.
Raja Ravi Verma belonged to the
royal family of Travancore in Kerala.
His paintings adopted the western
style of oil paintings.
But his themes were from Indian
Mythology, e.g., Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Name two musicians of Indian
music (Hindustani) of North India.
The two musicians of Indian music
(Hindustani) of North India were;
Pandit Vishnu Digambar palushkar
and
Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande.
The early paintings drew themes
from mythology or court affairs. Why?(hots)
Because:
Mythology paintings was to make
people god fearing, sometimes devotion to the divine.
Court affairs to make them
duty-bound.
Paintings like Bharat Mata to
make them patriotic or express nationalism.
Give an account of the Kalighat
paintings. Write a short note on Kalighat paintings.
Local scroll painters and potters
created Kalighat Paintings.
They lived around the temple of
Kalighat in Calcutta in the early 19th
Main themes of these paintings
were mythological i.e., images of Gods and Goddesses.
From the middle of 19th century,
the painters also took up social and political themes.
They painted caricatures and
cartoons of the western lifestyle and western habits.
What were portrait paintings?
What was their purpose?
Portrait paintings were the
paintings of new style.
British introduced portraits of
life size images.
The portraits of the rich and
powerful British and Indian Rajas were aimed at displaying their status and
wealth.
Literature and paintings both
were inspired with the feeling of nationalism. Why? (Hots)
English education brought people
from different parts of India close to one another.
The unjust British policies and
agitation due to the growing consciousness among the Indians helped in the
growth of nationalist feelings.
These feelings got expression in
the literature and paintings.
Explain influence of European art
on traditional Indian paintings.
Europeans introduced a realistic
style of painting in India, which were life-like with the technique of ‘oil
painting’.
They introduced ‘landscape
paintings’, it depicts the natural beauty of India.
British introduced ‘portrait
paintings’ of life-size images. The portraits of the rich and powerful British
and Indian Rajas were aimed at displaying their status and wealth.
The British introduced ‘history
paintings’ or paintings based on historical themes, to show their power, their
main objectives was-
To glorify the achievements and
victories.
The victories in the Revolt of
1857.
The defeat of Tipu Sultan of Mysore
Discuss how with the advent of
the British new forms of literacy works were created?
With the advent of the British
new forms of literacy works were created.
Traditionally, religious and
mythological themes were the topic for Indian writings.
But under the influence of the
British secular themes expressed through-
Novels
Dramas
Short stories
Essays began to be composed and
printed.
Freedom struggle was popular
subject of these writings.
Other social and economic issues
like-
Indian’s poverty
Caste discrimination
Exploitation of women was also
taken up by writers.
Write a short note on flowering
of literature.
Under the influence of the
British, secular themes expressed through-
Novels,
Dramas
Short stories
Essays began to be composed and
printed instead of religious and mythological themes.
India’s freedom struggle,
poverty, caste discrimination and exploitation of women were also a matter of
these writings.
Varieties of literary works were
written by Indian writers in regional languages like Hindi, Bengali, Urdu,
Malayalam, Telegu, Tamil, Kannada and Marathi.
Premchand, a great Hindi writer
and novelist highlighted social and economic issues related to the lifestyle of
Indians.
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
influenced our freedom fighters by writing
Powerful stories related to
Indian heroes, heritage and culture.
Patriotic theme of his novels
Durgeshnandini (1865)and
‘Vande Mataram’, the theme song
of our freedom struggle was included in the novel Anandamath.
Sharath Chandra Chattopadhyay,
the most popular novelist of Bengal wrote powerful stories and his novels were
translated in many other Indian languages.
Rabindranath Tagore also made
major contributions through novels, short stories, and poems. He became the
first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize for his work ‘Gitanjali’.
Muhammad Iqbal, the great Urdu
poet, composed the song, ‘Sare Jahan Se Achcha, Hindustan Hamara.’
Numerous other writers wrote in
other regional languages making 19th to 20th century a remarkable period in
Indian literature.
Value added: in this age of modernity, the family bonding is weakening and relations are degrading very rapidly. What would you do to maintain a healthy relation with your family members and neighbours? How will you achieve this goal of harmonious relation with all?
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